Optimal. Leaf size=487 \[ -\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \log \left ((a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b} \cot (x)+\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \log \left ((a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b} \cot (x)+\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a+b}+\sqrt {a}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}-\sqrt {2} (a+b)^{3/4} \cot (x)}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a+b}+\sqrt {a}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} (a+b)^{3/4} \cot (x)+\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 1.10, antiderivative size = 487, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 10, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.600, Rules used = {3209, 1169, 634, 618, 204, 628} \[ -\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \log \left ((a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b} \cot (x)+\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \log \left ((a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b} \cot (x)+\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a+b}+\sqrt {a}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}-\sqrt {2} (a+b)^{3/4} \cot (x)}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a+b}+\sqrt {a}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} (a+b)^{3/4} \cot (x)+\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}+a+b}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 204
Rule 618
Rule 628
Rule 634
Rule 1169
Rule 3209
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{a+b \cos ^4(x)} \, dx &=-\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1+x^2}{a+2 a x^2+(a+b) x^4} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a+b} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}-\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right ) x}{\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} x}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+x^2} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a+b} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right ) x}{\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} x}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+x^2} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {a+b}}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} x}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+x^2} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{4 (a+b)}-\frac {\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {a+b}}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} x}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+x^2} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{4 (a+b)}-\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{a+b} \left (-1+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+2 x}{\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} x}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+x^2} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+2 x}{\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} x}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+x^2} \, dx,x,\cot (x)\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}\\ &=\frac {\sqrt [4]{a+b} \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} \cot (x)+(a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} \cot (x)+(a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}+\frac {\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {a+b}}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-\frac {2 \sqrt {a} \left (a+b+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}\right )}{(a+b)^{3/2}}-x^2} \, dx,x,-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+2 \cot (x)\right )}{2 (a+b)}+\frac {\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {a+b}}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-\frac {2 \sqrt {a} \left (a+b+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}\right )}{(a+b)^{3/2}}-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+2 \cot (x)\right )}{2 (a+b)}\\ &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {(a+b)^{3/4} \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}-\sqrt {2} \cot (x)\right )}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {a+b+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {(a+b)^{3/4} \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}{(a+b)^{3/4}}+\sqrt {2} \cot (x)\right )}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {a+b+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{a+b} \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} \cot (x)+(a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {a+b}\right ) \log \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt [4]{a+b}+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}} \cot (x)+(a+b)^{3/4} \cot ^2(x)\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{a+b} \sqrt {a+b-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+b}}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] time = 0.24, size = 121, normalized size = 0.25 \[ \frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (x)}{\sqrt {a+i \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {a+i \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (x)}{\sqrt {-a+i \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {-a+i \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [B] time = 0.86, size = 809, normalized size = 1.66 \[ -\frac {1}{8} \, \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} + 1}{a^{2} + a b}} \log \left (b \cos \relax (x)^{2} + 2 \, {\left (a b \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x) + {\left (a^{4} + a^{3} b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x)\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} + 1}{a^{2} + a b}} - {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b - 2 \, {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b\right )} \cos \relax (x)^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}}\right ) + \frac {1}{8} \, \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} + 1}{a^{2} + a b}} \log \left (b \cos \relax (x)^{2} - 2 \, {\left (a b \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x) + {\left (a^{4} + a^{3} b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x)\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} + 1}{a^{2} + a b}} - {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b - 2 \, {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b\right )} \cos \relax (x)^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}}\right ) + \frac {1}{8} \, \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} - 1}{a^{2} + a b}} \log \left (-b \cos \relax (x)^{2} + 2 \, {\left (a b \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x) - {\left (a^{4} + a^{3} b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x)\right )} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} - 1}{a^{2} + a b}} - {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b - 2 \, {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b\right )} \cos \relax (x)^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}}\right ) - \frac {1}{8} \, \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} - 1}{a^{2} + a b}} \log \left (-b \cos \relax (x)^{2} - 2 \, {\left (a b \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x) - {\left (a^{4} + a^{3} b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} \cos \relax (x) \sin \relax (x)\right )} \sqrt {\frac {{\left (a^{2} + a b\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}} - 1}{a^{2} + a b}} - {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b - 2 \, {\left (a^{3} + a^{2} b\right )} \cos \relax (x)^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b}{a^{5} + 2 \, a^{4} b + a^{3} b^{2}}}\right ) \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [A] time = 1.03, size = 307, normalized size = 0.63 \[ \frac {{\left (3 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + \sqrt {-a b} a} a^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + \sqrt {-a b} a} a b - 3 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + \sqrt {-a b} a} \sqrt {-a b} a - 4 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + \sqrt {-a b} a} \sqrt {-a b} b\right )} {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {x}{\pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor + \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, \tan \relax (x)}{\sqrt {\frac {4 \, a + \sqrt {-16 \, {\left (a + b\right )} a + 16 \, a^{2}}}{a}}}\right )\right )} {\left | a \right |}}{2 \, {\left (3 \, a^{5} + 7 \, a^{4} b + 4 \, a^{3} b^{2}\right )}} + \frac {{\left (3 \, \sqrt {a^{2} - \sqrt {-a b} a} a^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {a^{2} - \sqrt {-a b} a} a b + 3 \, \sqrt {a^{2} - \sqrt {-a b} a} \sqrt {-a b} a + 4 \, \sqrt {a^{2} - \sqrt {-a b} a} \sqrt {-a b} b\right )} {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {x}{\pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor + \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, \tan \relax (x)}{\sqrt {\frac {4 \, a - \sqrt {-16 \, {\left (a + b\right )} a + 16 \, a^{2}}}{a}}}\right )\right )} {\left | a \right |}}{2 \, {\left (3 \, a^{5} + 7 \, a^{4} b + 4 \, a^{3} b^{2}\right )}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [B] time = 0.23, size = 3350, normalized size = 6.88 \[ \text {output too large to display} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{b \cos \relax (x)^{4} + a}\,{d x} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [B] time = 2.66, size = 926, normalized size = 1.90 \[ -2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {8\,a^6\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\relax (x)\,\sqrt {-\frac {a^2}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}}{\frac {2\,a^9\,b}{a^4+b\,a^3}-2\,a^4\,b^2-2\,a^5\,b+\frac {2\,a^8\,b^2}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^7\,b\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^6\,b^2\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}}-\frac {8\,a^2\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\relax (x)\,\sqrt {-\frac {a^2}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}}{\frac {2\,a^5\,b}{a^4+b\,a^3}-2\,a\,b+\frac {2\,a^3\,b\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}}+\frac {8\,a^4\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\relax (x)\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}\,\sqrt {-\frac {a^2}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}}{\frac {2\,a^9\,b}{a^4+b\,a^3}-2\,a^4\,b^2-2\,a^5\,b+\frac {2\,a^8\,b^2}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^7\,b\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^6\,b^2\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}}\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {a^2+\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}-2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {8\,a^2\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\relax (x)\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}-\frac {a^2}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}}{2\,a\,b-\frac {2\,a^5\,b}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^3\,b\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}}-\frac {8\,a^6\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\relax (x)\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}-\frac {a^2}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}}{2\,a^5\,b+2\,a^4\,b^2-\frac {2\,a^9\,b}{a^4+b\,a^3}-\frac {2\,a^8\,b^2}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^7\,b\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^6\,b^2\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}}+\frac {8\,a^4\,b\,\mathrm {tan}\relax (x)\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}-\frac {a^2}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}}}{2\,a^5\,b+2\,a^4\,b^2-\frac {2\,a^9\,b}{a^4+b\,a^3}-\frac {2\,a^8\,b^2}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^7\,b\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}+\frac {2\,a^6\,b^2\,\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{a^4+b\,a^3}}\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {a^2-\sqrt {-a^3\,b}}{16\,\left (a^4+b\,a^3\right )}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F(-1)] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \text {Timed out} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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